Consumer price mentions the expense of consumers for a unit of commodity or service to serve their daily lives. Consumer price shows the retail price of goods on the market or the cost of services for people’ livings. In case, commodities are not priced and can be bargained, consumer price is the final price of commodity paid by consumers.
Consumer price index (CPI) is a relative indicator (measured by %) reflecting the tendency and change in the price level by time series of market basket of selected representative consumer goods and services. The basket of goods and services for measuring CPI consists of popular goods and services which represent for the population’s consumption are revised and updated every 5 years to be conformity with population’s consumption structure in each certain period.
Weight for CPI compilation is the expenditure share for item groups in the total of the household expenditure which is collected from results of Viet Nam Household Living Standard Survey (VHLSS) and used constantly in a 5-year period.
CPI is computed monthly by the following comparative bases: base year, previous month, same month of the last year, last December and periodical average for every province/city directly under the central government and the whole country (including index of urban and rural areas, composite index of each province, city, region and the whole country).
Core inflation is an indicator which represents long-term change in price, after excluding tempotary and accident change of CPI. Core inflation is calculated by excluding food and foodstuff; energy and such items managed by the state as healthcare and education.
Gold price index and USD price index are relative indicators (measured
by %) reflecting the tendency and change in the price level of gold and USD by time series in market.
Gold and USD prices are daily recorded at retail shops, average gold and USD price is computed as the average of prices of days in a month.
Gold price index and USD price index are computed monthly by the following comparative bases: base year, previous month, same month of the last year, last December and periodical average for every province/city directly under the central government.
Spatial cost of living index (SCOLI) is indicator (%) reflecting the tendency and change cost of living among regions, provinces within certain period (usually a year).
SCOLI is compiled from 63 provinces. The Contry – Product – Dummy (CPD) index is used in elementary index aggregation. Geometric Laspeyres is used in higher level aggregation.
Input producer price mentions the amount paid by producers (purchasers) for receiving a unit of material and energy inputs to their production process. Input producer price is purchasing price, excluding deductible VAT and any similar taxes, but including freight cost, any cost that the purchasers paid.
Input producer price index is an indicator (%) reflecting the price tendency and change of selected material and energy list purchased by producers over time.
Input producer price index is compiled focusing on price of selected material and energy list for agriculture, forestry and fishing, industry, construction. The list of representative material and energy used to compile input producer price index is revised and updated every 5 years.
Weight for input producer price index compilation is the proportion of intermediate consumption on each material and energy group in total intermediate consumption and used constantly in 5-year period.
Input producer price index is compiled quarterly, with following bases: base year, previous period, same period of previous year, and year on year index for every economic regions and the whole country.
Producer price of agricultural, forestry and fishing products refers to prices that producers directly sell agricultural, forestry and fishing products to customers on the market, including sales at the factories or elsewhere, not including charges on trade transaction and freight transport; but including additional levies and deductions, if any.
Producer price index for agriculture, forestry and fishing is an indicator (%) reflecting the price trend and change of such products sold by producers over time.
Geomean Laspeyres formula is also utilized to compile producer price index for agriculture, forestry and fishing, the weight of which, also normally fixed for five years, is the proportion of sales of each commodity group as compared to total sales of the whole agricultural, forestry and fishing industries in base year.
Producer price index for agriculture, forestry and fishing is compiled quarterly, with following bases: base year, previous period, same period of previous year, and year on year index.
Producer price of industrial products refers to prices that producers directly sell industrial products to the customers on the market, including sales at the factories or elsewhere, excluding taxes; not including charges on trade transaction and freight transport; but including additional levies and deductions, if any.
Producer price index for industry is an indicator (%) reflecting the price trend and change of industrial products sold by producers on the market over time.
Geomean Laspeyres formula is also utilized to compile producer price index for industry, the weight of which normally fixed for five years is the proportion of sales of each commodity group as compared to total sales of the whole industry in base year. Base price is also the price in the base year.
Producer price index for industry is compiled quarterly, with following bases: base year, previous period, same period of previous year, and year on year index.
Transport charges are specified as basic price of the producers, not including VAT. Transport charges consist of:
+ Passenger transport charge: is the amount that units providing transportation services obtained when carrying passengers in a certain distance (not including VAT). This amount can be collected through fares (or clock charging, quotation, listed prices) which charge on passengers and their luggage under the agreement. Fares (or clock charging, quotation, listed price) often depend on the route, distance, condition and quality of the vehicles such as the type of vehicle, type of chair, quality of vehicles, etc.
Passenger transport charge is calculated for all types of roads: road, waterway, railway, and airway.
+ Freight transport charge: is the amount that units providing transportation service obtained when carrying freight in a certain distance (not including VAT). Freight transport charge depends on the type of carried freight, charge grade, route and calculation of price (by date, by time, by the hour or km).
Freight transport charge is calculated for all types of roads: road, waterway, railway, and airway.
+ Warehousing charge: is the amount that the provider obtained when leasing warehouse for store commodity or vehicle (excluding VAT). Warehousing charge is placed on the price lists and charging per area, number of vehicle in the specified duration.
+ Cargo handling charge: is the amount that the provider obtained when loading, unloading of cargo and carrying to the special place (excluding VAT). Cargo handling charge rates for a specified cargo.
Transport and storage service price index reflects trend and change in the charge of transport, warehousing and cargo handling over time.
Transport and storage service price index is compiled for to each kind of transportation, including road and rail transport, waterway transport, air transport.
Transport and storage service price index is compiled by the modified Laspeyres formula, the weight for compilation which normally fixed for five years is the proportion of sales of each service group in total of the whole industry in base year. Base price is also the price in the base year.
Transport and storage service price index is compiled quarterly, with following bases: base year, previous period, same period of previous year, and year on year index.
Service price (Producer price for services) mentions the amount receivable by providers (paid by customers) for providing a unit of service produced as output to customers, excluding VAT and any product taxes, but including any subsidy receivable. Services price is collected in specific services with certain specification.
Producer price index for services (SPPI) is an indicator (%) reflecting the price tendency and change of selected services list over time. The list of representative services used to compile SPPI is revised and updated every 5 years, reflecting service activities in selected period.
Weight for SPPI compilation is the proportion of output on each services group in total services and used constantly in 5-year period.
SPPI is compiled quarterly, with following bases: base year, previous period, same period of previous year, and year on year index for every economic regions and the whole country.
Merchandise export price: is the amount of money received when Vietnam sells a unit of commodity to foreign partners. Merchandise export price regards to the specified commodity and market under the condition FOB and equivalent.
Merchandise export price is converted into U.S. dollars, excluding export duties.
Merchandise export price index (XPI) reflects the trend and level of change in price of merchandise export over time.
Merchandise export price index also uses the modified Laspeyres formula to calculate. Weight for XPI calculation is the proportion of export turnover of each commodity group in total of the base year. Base price is the price in base year.
XPI is compiled quarterly, with following bases: base year, previous period, same period of previous year, and year on year index for the whole country.
Merchandise import price is the amount of money that Vietnam uses to purchase a unit of commodity from foreign partners. Merchandise import price regards to the specified commodity and market under the condition CIF and equivalent.
Merchandise import price is converted into U.S. dollars, excluding import duties.
Merchandise import price index (MPI) reflects the trend and level of change in price of imports over time.
Modified Laspeyres formula is used to calculate MPI. Weight for MPI calculation is the proportion of export turnover of each commodity group in total of the base year. Base price is the price in base year.
MPI is compiled quarterly, with following bases: base year, previous period, same period of previous year, and year on year index for the whole country.
Merchandise term of trade (ToT) reflects the relationship between the prices at which a country sells its exports and the prices paid for its imports in a specified time.