ࡱ> jli5@ jkbjbj22 ,pXX-:::::::N8.BN;hjjjjjjjj;;;;;;;$=Ri?b<;-:tjjtt<;::jji;:::t$:j:j;:t;: :::::j^ k{C9:;;0;:?: ?:NN::::?::,j":jjj<;<;NN2 : NN2 NN KINH T TRI THC V CC CH TIU THNG K PHN NH Nguyn Bch Lm Vin Khoa hc Thng k Trong mt thp k tr li y, cc nh kinh t v qun l ti nhiu quc gia trn th gii   cp n khi nim  Nn kinh t tri thc . C s a ra khi nim ny da trn d on v nhng bc tin nhy vt, cha tng thy v khoa hc cng ngh trong th k XXI. Nn kinh t tri thc v nhng nt c trng ca n l g?, cc nh thng k dng nhng ch tiu g  phn nh nn kinh t tri thc. Trong bo co  Kinh t ly tri thc lm nn tng , c quan nghin cu ca Lin hp quc  nh ngh)a:  Kinh t tri thc l kinh t c xy dng trn c s sn xut, phn phi, s dng tri thc v thng tin (xem [1], trang 13). T nh ngh)a nn kinh t tri thc c th rt ra hai tiu ch ch yu: - Ly tri thc, tr c lm yu t then cht  pht trin kinh t v tri thc, tr c tr thnh yu t tham gia trc tip vo qu trnh sn xut ca nn kinh t ging nh yu t sc lao ng v ti nguyn; - Trong qu trnh pht trin sn xut ca nn kinh t, tri thc c th hnh thnh nn mt ngnh kinh t, tc l kinh t chuyn ngnh vi tiu ch l ngnh khoa hc k thut cao. Tiu ch th hai l mt nt mi, gi nhiu ni dung ng suy ngh) cho cng tc thng k nh: phn ngnh kinh t; xc nh phm vi ca ngnh kinh t mi ny; phng php nh gi kt qu sn xut v ng gp vo tng trng chung ca nn kinh t thng qua cc ch tiu gi tr sn xut, gi tr tng thm. Trong nn kinh t tri thc ngun vn quan trng nht l ngun vn tr tu v cng ngh thng tin tr thnh ngnh kinh t quan trng. Nn kinh t tri thc mang tnh ton cu ha; quan h phn phi v trao i mang tnh va hp tc, va cnh trnh rt cao; quan h s hu v s dng lun c s an xen[4]. Trong nhng nm gn y, nhiu quc gia  a ra chin lc xy dng v pht trin t nc theo tiu thc ca nn kinh t tri thc. Trong  Chng trnh nm 2000 , Lin minh chu u cing t vic tri thc ha vo v tr u tin hng u, iu ny chng t kinh t tri thc l xu th pht trin tt yu ca thi i, c bit trong bi cnh ton cu ha hin nay. c trng ca nn kinh t tri thc th hin trong ba ni dung: ( Kinh t ha tri thc ngh)a l nhn t tri thc vi chng loi ngy cng phong ph, trnh  ngy cng cao ha nhp vo qu trnh hot ng kinh t v cing ch ra kt qu ca vic ha nhp ny. Trnh   Kinh t ha ca tri thc c th nh gi bng t trng ca sn nghip tri thc trong nn kinh t quc dn(xem [4], trang 27). Vi cch hiu v kinh t ha tri thc nu trn, ngnh Thng k s dng ch tiu g  nh gi trnh  kinh t ha ca tri thc?. Sn nghip l thut ng m t tng th ni chung nhng ti sn  sinh sng hoc  kinh doanh v nh vy sn nghip tri thc l biu hin sc sn xut thuc th h mi. Theo ti, sn nghip tri thc c th nh gi bng gi tr ca cc bng pht minh sng ch; gi tr bn quyn; chng trnh phn mm; gi tr cc cng trnh nghin cu khoa hc a vo p dng mang li li ch cho thc tin,v.v& Nhm ch tiu thng k phn nh trnh  kinh t ha tri thc l t l ca sn nghip tri thc so vi tng gi tr ti sn ca nn kinh t, ch tiu ny c th phn theo ngnh kinh t. ( Tri thc ha kinh t l xu hng tri thc ca qu trnh kinh t v kt qu ca n cng tng mnh th hm lng tri thc cng tng cao. Trong qu trnh pht trin, yu t tri thc khng ngng an xen v ny n vo mi l)nh vc ca i sng. Chng hn, thit k mu m hng ha mang bn sc vn ha, trang tr, tuyn truyn qung co hng ha l cc hot ng a yu t tri thc vo kinh doanh ni ring v vo qu trnh kinh t ni chung. Ch tiu thng k dng  m t c trng ny c th l t trng chi cho thit k mu m, trang tr ng gi, qung co sn phm  y mnh tiu th so vi gi tr nguyn vt liu v cc chi ph c tnh vt cht  sn xut ra sn phm. ( Sn nghip ha tri thc l vt cht ha vn ho, tinh thn, tng sng to, l s thng hoa ca nn kinh t hng ha v sn nghip (xem [4], trang 28). Nh vy, sn nghip ha tri thc biu hin nt c trng quan h ng nht, thng nht ca tri thc v kinh t. Trong tin trnh pht trin, cc nh kinh t u nhn nh ngoi sn nghip th nht thuc l)nh vc nng, lm nghip v thy sn; sn nghip th hai thuc l)nh vc cng nghip v sn nghip th ba thuc khu vc dch v truyn thng,  manh nha sn nghip mi c cu thnh bi nhng yu t c bn nh vn ha, tr c, tri thc, nhn ti, tin tc, khoa hc k thut, tng sng to (xem [4], trang 29). Khng c ch tiu thng k n thun c a ra tnh ton  m t nt c trng th ba ca nn kinh t tri thc. Theo ti, c th dng bng Cn i lin ngnh  phn tch nh hng ca mt s ngnh vn ha, du lch vn ha, du lch tri thc i vi cc ngnh sn xut vt cht v tiu dng ca dn c qua cc ch tiu: nhn t u ra (Output multiplier); lin h ngc (Backward linkage) v lin h xui (Fordward linkage). Tiu ch ca nn kinh t tri thc c biu hin qua hai nhm: nhm tiu ch v cu trc kinh t v nhm tiu ch x hi. ( Nhm tiu ch v cu trc kinh t Lc lng sn xut v t liu sn xut l hai nhm yu t tc ng ti tin trnh pht trin ca mt quc gia. Lc lng sn xut x hi bao gm ngi lao ng, cng c lao ng v i tng lao ng. Trong nn kinh t tri thc, khoa hc k thut tin b c th hin trong c ba yu t ca lc lng sn xut. D) nhin, trong cc yu t ca lc lng sn xut, con ngi l yu t  ng nht , quan trng nht. T liu sn xut thay i, ph hp vi tng x hi. Trong x hi nng nghip, t ai l t liu sn xut quan trng nht; trong x hi cng nghip, cng xng v nguyn liu thay lpZ | :"("*","T"z'|'~''111V15>@:BGGGGIJJKK\UU_ȷsbb hrzhrz@CJOJQJaJ hrzhrz@CJOJQJaJUhrzhrz6CJOJQJaJ" j*hrzhrzCJOJQJaJhrzhrzCJOJQJaJ hrzhrz@CJOJQJaJ#hrzhrz5CJOJQJ^JaJ hrz^JhrzhrzCJOJQJaJ hrzhrz5CJOJQJaJ&*pZ | r:v("%x'),01!!$!$!$!$!$!$!$!!!$ $x`a$gd2.D $x`a$gd2.D$d`a$gdrz$d`a$gdrz $a$gdrz$a$gdrzfkhk1Z14@:BDGGIJJKK*CJOJQJaJ" j<hrzhrzCJOJQJaJ hrzhrz@CJOJQJaJhrzhrzCJOJQJaJhrzhrz5CJOJQJaJ*&P 1h:pQ. A!"#$%H@H Normal CJOJQJ_HaJmH sH tH DAD Default Paragraph FontRiR  Table Normal4 l4a (k(No List-p8Q>k9MH  _ Kt}T~ v"""+###${$$1%%%%M&'t''''w((,)d)))*v***_++U,,D----000000000000000p000p0000000000000000000 0 0 0 0 0000 00 0000 0 0 0 0 0 00(0(00000(0000000M908Q>k9MH  _ Kt}T~ v"""+###${$$1%%%%M&'t''''w((,)d)))*v***_++U,,D---@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0 0UG_jk71L[jk6hk>lB"?,~-~-----V*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsplacehttp://www.5iantlavalamp.com/B*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagscountry-region   $%*+-.236AGHLMP   !$%)*,158:;=>ABDEIJNORSVW[\^_cdfglmqrvw{| "#&'*+/027;>CDGHKMQRTUX]abefijnqstxy $&'+,1256:;=BFGIJMNQRTUXY]^abefimpuy{~9;@ADEJKOPUVY  #"#&'+,.37MNSTYZ]^abeglmqruvxy|}            " ' + , / 0 5 6 : ; ? @ D E J K N P U V X Y ] ^ b c f g j k o p s t w x } ~ H K L P Q U V X Y ] ^ ` a d i m n q r v x } ~             # $ ) * , - 0 1 4 5 8 9 ? D H I K L P Q U V Y Z ] ^ b c h i l m o p s z }      " # ' ( * + - . 0 1 6 ; ? @ C D G    #$(),-1367=>@AEFIKNOUVYZ]^cdhilmqrxy{|_deghklpqvwy "#%*.KMNRSVW[\`adfijmnqrvwyz}  "(*ty #$'(*+-.12569:=>BHKLRSVWYZ_`dehimnstxy|}} TV[#'~         # $ ( ) . / 2 3 7 8 : ? C E I J O P T U Z [ _ ` c d i j m n r s v w z {  !!!! ! !!!!!!!!!"!#!(!)!-!.!1!2!6!7!;!=!@!A!E!F!J!K!N!O!R!W![!\!_!`!b!c!e!f!i!j!m!n!r!s!w!x!{!}!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!""""""""""""""+#2#5####$$!${$~$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$1%4%6%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%M&Q&S&'''t'x'z'''''''''((( (((((w({(}(,)0)2)d)h)j)k)m)n)q)r)t)u)y)z)}))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))***v*y*****************+++ ++++++++!+%+&+*+++-+.+2+3+7+9+<+=+A+B+E+F+K+L+N+P+R+S+V+c+g+h+n+o+r+s+w+x+z+{++--78!$EI / 3 T X  YDGvK~ uy$ ( ""+$.$$$''~''''((!,#,-33333333333333333333333333333333333--tctknxmaiQ%82.Drzq@$(-@@0@>UnknownGz Times New Roman5Symbol3& z Arial?5 : Courier New9 Webdings7& r.VnTime"1hj&&&R&R!24-- 3QH ?qNN KINH T TRI THCtctktctkOh+'0|  8 D P\dltNỀN KINH TẾ TRI THỨCỀtctk KIctkctkNormalItctklI3tkMicrosoft Word 10.0@@C@:kC&՜.+,0 hp|  IR-A NỀN KINH TẾ TRI THỨC Title  !"#$%&'()*+,-./012345678:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXZ[\]^_`bcdefghkRoot Entry Fps{Cm1Table9?WordDocument,pSummaryInformation(YDocumentSummaryInformation8aCompObjj  FMicrosoft Word Document MSWordDocWord.Document.89q